As causas do atraso na fala
O que é atraso na fala?
Speech delay (alalia) is defined by a delay in speech development. This means a delay in making the necessary sounds for speech.
Quais são alguns dos sinais de atraso na fala do meu filho?
A child who is not meeting the developmental milestones for speech may be showing signs of speech delay.
Os marcos a seguir são organizados de acordo com a idade.
| Era | Marco do discurso |
| 6-12 meses | Balbucia usando sons diferentes, faz os sons de certas palavras mas sem significado, diz a primeira palavra |
| 12-18 meses | Consegue falar 2-3 palavras (geralmente sem significado), tenta imitar palavras e sons |
| 18-24 meses | Conhece e usa até 50 palavras, faz barulhos de animais, nomeia objetos comuns e do cotidiano |
| 2-3 anos | Usa sentenças de 3 palavras, começa a usar pronomes e adjetivos na fala |
Quais são as principais causas do atraso na fala?
- Hearing Impairment – This may be congenital and present at birth. Or it may develop after birth due to underlying health issues, rare disease, or injury and trauma. Hearing checks should be included within infant and child developmental checks throughout a child’s first few years of life.
- Neglect or a lack of stimulation in a caring environment – Children who are not spoken to enough, who do not receive adequate parental or attention from a guardian during their formative years may experience speech delay. This delay may be offset by support with speech and language learning.
- Premature birth – Prematurity at birth can be a potential cause of speech delay in a toddler or young child. Being born prematurely can affect different areas of an infant’s development, and often their development should be tracked from their due date and not their actual date of birth.
- A rare disease or genetic syndrome – Speech delay may sometimes be the sign or symptom of a rare disease. Angelman, Pitt-Hopkins, and Russell Silver syndrome all present with speech delay. If a rare disease is suspected as a cause of speech delay in a child, a recommendation may be made for further assessment, including Aconselhamento Genitico and analysis.
- Speech and language disorders – There are several speech and language disorders- autism and auditory processing disorder- which have speech delay as a feature.
- A physical condition – This can include damage or an impairment relating to the body’s parts required for speech. This could involve the palate or tongue or a short frenulum (the fold beneath the tongue).
Acompanhar o desenvolvimento da fala do seu filho é importante para entender se ele tem um atraso na fala ou não. Algumas crianças desenvolvem sua fala mais tarde e precisam de mais tempo para cumprir seus marcos de desenvolvimento. A intervenção precoce e o suporte com a fala são a chave para melhorar os resultados da fala e da linguagem de uma criança, independentemente da causa do atraso na fala.
